SciBase Neurology

Research Article

Are cognitive behavioral therapy and a group physical and mental health rehabilitation programme effective treatments for long COVID? Rethinking of a systematic review

Mark Vink*; Friso Vink-Niese

In this article, we analyzed the systematic review by Zeraatkar et al. which concluded that Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and a group physical and mental health rehabilitation programme, are effective treatments for long COVID. Our analysis of the review highlights the problems with the 2 studies that were used for this claim but also with the systematic review itself.

Review Article

Neurochemical Dysregulation of Covid 19 Infection

Ramachandran Muthiah*

Coronaviruses are so named because of the halo of spike (S) proteins that decorate their surfaces [1,2]. These S proteins interact with specific cellular receptors to bind host cells and the binding is followed by protease-mediated S protein cleavage, which exposes fusion-promoting domains that enable viral entry.

Case Report

Guillain-Barre Syndrome with a Severe Course as a Complication of Coxsackievirus Type A7 and B1 Infection: A Case Report with a Mini Literature Review

Elżbieta Jasińśka*; Olaf Jadanowski; Julia Krawczuk Vel Walczuk

The authors present a case of a 32-year-old female patient who, after a mild viral infection of the upper respiratory tract with a small-nodular rash, developed full-blown Guillain Barre Syndrome (GBS). The interview confirmed the patient's long-term contact with a child infected with the Coxsackie virus.

Commentary

Safety of Three Level Cages used without Plate Fixation in Anterior Cervical Discectomy

Khalid Bin Madhi*

Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy (CSM) is common clinical disease [1]. Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for treatment of CSM was firstly introduced by Simth, Robinson and Cloward, the anterior procedure had become the most widely used surgical choice [2].

Review Article

Confirmed: The Conclusion by NICE that CBT is not an Effective Treatment for ME/CFS; Re-Analysis of a Systematic Review

Mark Vink*; Alexandra Vink-Niese

In this article, we analyzed the systematic review by Kuut et al. into the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), a disease that predominantly affects women, and the eight trials in it. We found many issues with the studies in the review, but also with the review itself.

Short Report

Significant Clinical Improvement with Naftidrofuryl in a 71-Year- Old Male with Small Vessel Disease and Cognitive Impairment: A Case Report

Qureshi MIA*; Imran Afsheen

A 71-year-old male with a history of recurrent falls, poor mobility, and increased confusion was admitted to Ysbyty Ystrad Fawr Hospital in September 2019. He had multiple admissions since January 2019 with similar complaints. His past medical history included exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, vitamin D deficiency, early myelodysplastic syndrome, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cognitive impairment.

Case Report

Success of Occipital Neurostimulation Therapy for Persistent Occipital Neuralgia after Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Case Study

Kwasi Ampomah*; Ernesto Blay; Jillian Dean; Michael Patterson

This case report details diagnostic and therapeutic processes in managing a 52-year-old female with chronic cervical pain and myeloradiculopathy resulting from a C6-C7 herniated nucleus pulposus and cervical spinal canal stenosis. Initially misdiagnosed with a shoulder strain, further assessment revealed significant spinal pathologies, necessitating an Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion (ACDF)

Research Article

Mortality in Epilepsy: A Topic to Reflect on

Juan E Bender Del Busto*

Epilepsy represents a global health problem and is considered one of the most frequent disorders of the Central Nervous System. Patients who suffer from this disease have a higher mortality than the rest of the population, so it is necessary for health professionals to know the possible causes of death, which is the fundamental objective of this article.

Review Article

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation as a Tool for Therapeutic Modulation of Neurological and Mental Disorders

Alejandro Borrego-Ruiz*; Juan J Borrego

Neurological, psychiatric, and psychological disorders are highly prevalent in the world population, but available pharmacological treatments cause numerous side effects, and also there is an elevated rate of treatment-resistant patients. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome is implicated in several neurological and mental disorders and, consequently, restoring the imbalance of the gut microbiome can improve the symptoms associated with these conditions.

Research Article

Modifications on Histone Tails in Parkinson's Disease

Qiao Mao#; Zhixiong Luo#; Kesheng Wang; Bin Chen; Zhiren Wang; Yong Zhang; Xiaoping Wang; Xingguang Luo

This study investigates the role of histone tail modifications in Parkinson's Disease (PD), emphasizing the epigenetic regulation of genes associated with the disease. PD primarily manifests in individuals over 60, suggesting that PD-causal genes remain dormant until later in life, influenced by environmental factors and epigenetic modifications.

Short Commentary

Mechanism of Vesicular Transport - The Main Transport System in the Cells of Living Organisms

Valentin Reutov*; N V Pasikova; EG Sorokina; LA Davydova

The functioning of the nervous system is based on the process of communication between nerve cells. This process is carried out in specialized areas - synapses. In most synapses, signal transmission occurs through the release of specialized substances from nerve ending.

Case Report

Chance Encounter of Mega Cisterna Magna in a Case with Cerebellar Diaschisis following Ischemic Stroke

Hsiang-En Tsai; Tsai-Yun Wu; Shin-Tsu Chang*

Mega Cisterna Magna (MCM) has been known as a developmental abnormality within the Dandy-Walker complex, characterized by an expanded cisterna magna exceeding 10 mm. While MCM often presents asymptomatically, it has been associated with mental disorders and cognitive decline.

Case Report

Massive Cerebral Edema in Hypertensive Emergency with Complete Neurological Recovery: Atypical PRES? A Case Report

Eric RA Laldjising*; Jhuresy E La Roche; Joris AJ Osinga; Iris JAM Verberk Jonkers; Walid Moudrous

We report a case of a 38-year-old female with massive cerebral edema caused by hypertensive emergency with full neurological recovery, fitting the criteria of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Genomic sequencing revealed a possible pathogenic complement factor mutation.

Research Article

Changes in Immunoreactivity of Vimentin and GFAP in the Hippocampus of Patients with Drug-Resistant Epilepsy

Darya A Sitovskaya*; Anastasiya O Eremina; Tatyana V Sokolova; Yulia M Zabrodskaya

Epilepsy is a serious neurological disorder that can greatly impact a person's quality of life and even result in disability. Unfortunately, despite the use of various antiepileptic drugs, more than 30% of patients develop a form of the disease that is resistant to medication, leaving surgery as the only treatment option.

Research Article

Seizures in Multiple Sclerosis are, above all, a Matter of Brain Viability

Anamarija Kavčič*; Werner E Hofmann

Most patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) never have a seizure, although they are at risk for seizures since the onset of MS. This paradox leads us to suppose that MS plays a minor role in seizure generation and epileptogenesis. Qualitative study using data triangulation and inductive content analysis. A comprehensive literature search was carried out in four electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar).

Research Article

Effects of Auditory Cue Length and Visual Cue Superimposition on Gait Initiation in Parkinson's Disease: A Pilot Study

Takao Hashimoto*; Hiromasa Sato

Effects of cues on gait disturbance in Parkinson's disease (PD) depend on features of cue presentation. We investigated the effects of the length of simple auditory cues on cue-triggered gait initiation in PD. The subjects were 8 PD patients in OFF-state (6 women and two men, aged 50-75 years) and 8 normal controls (NCs) (5 women and three men, aged 55-77 years). For the assessment of gait initiation.

Research Article

Estimation of the Prevalence of Body Integrity Dysphoria (BID) in German-Speaking Countries Based on the Use of an Internet-Forum by Those Affected

Erich Kasten*

Body Integrity Dysphoria (BID, BIID) is a disease of unknown cause, in which those affected have the intense feeling that a part of the body does not belong to them. BID-sufferers can feel and move the corresponding limb, but it is not part of their mental body image. Estimating the prevalence of BID is very difficult due to the fact that most sufferers do not confide their suffering to anyone.

Case Report

Atypical Ataxia-Telangiectasia with Cervical Dystonia: A Case Report

Farzad Ashrafi*; Parisa Azizjalali; Nasser Moradi; Bahareh Zaker Harofteh

Ataxia telangiectasia is a rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder. A minority of patients can present with late-onset atypical manifestations due to unknown mechanisms. This can lead to uncommon signs and symptoms, such as dystonic head movements. We report a 26-year-old woman with atypical ataxia telangiectasia who presented with cervical dystonia. Alpha-fetoprotein levels in the serum were found to be elevated in laboratory tests, and genetic testing for the ATM gene provided the definitive diagnosis.

Case Report

Pathomorphology of Metastatic PitNET/Pituitary Carcinoma with Cerebral Dissemination: Autopsy Case Presentation

Darya Sitovskaya*; Oleg Verbitskiy; Yulia Petrova; Yulia Zabrodskaya

Metastatic PitNET(mPitNET) is an extremely rare tumor of neuroendocrine cells of the adenohypophysis with craniospinal and/or systemic metastases and a poor prognosis. The pathogenesis of mPitNET/pituitary carcinoma is not completely clear. Several developmental models have been proposed, including sequential tumorigenesis and de novo transformation.

Research Article

Prognostic Burden of Hemorrhagic Transformation in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Brief Report from the Real Life

Luca Masotti*; Elisa Grifoni; Teresa Sansone; Mariella Baldini; Elisabetta Bertini; Sara Giannoni; Ilaria Di Donato; Chiara Bini; Irene Sivieri; Gina Iandoli; Marianna Mannini; Elisa Giglio; Eleonora Brai; Ira Signorini; Eleonora Cosentino; Irene Micheletti; Elisa Cioni; Giulia Pelagalli; Alessandro Dei; Antonio Giordano; Francesca Dainelli; Mario Romagnoli; Chiara Mattaliano; Elena Schipani; Giuseppe Salvatore Murgida; Stefania Di Martino; Valentina Francolini; Paola Bartalucci

Hemorrhagic Transformation (HT) represents one of the main complications of acute ischemic stroke, affecting its management and prognosis. Few data exists on prognosis of HT in the real world. Aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic impact of HT in a real world cohort of patients hospitalized for acute ischemic stroke

Research Article

Surgical Management of Epilepsy and Outcomes in a Comprehensive Epilepsy Center in Pakistan: A 20-year Retrospective Analysis

Hina Imtiaz; Ayisha Farooq Khan*; Dureshahwar kanwar; Fowzia Siddiqui; Mohammad Wasay

Epilеpsy is a prеvalеnt nеurological disordеr in Pakistan, with an еarly onsеt in a substantial portion of thе population. Surgical intеrvеntion for drug-rеsistant еpilеpsy is a viablе trеatmеnt option, yеt it rеmains undеrutilizеd duе to limitеd spеcializеd cеntеrs and sociеtal stigmas.

Review Article

Neuromodulation in Geriatric Depression: The Role of TMS and tDCS

Leonardo Massoni*

Neurocognitive disorders and dementia are expected to increase along with the increasing numbers of the aging population. It is known that depression occurring in old age, also known as Geriatric Depression (GD), is linked with cognitive disorders in the elderly and that old individuals with anxiety and depression often receive multiple therapies. Consequently, they are at increased risk of falls, cognitive impairment, and delirium.

Case Report

Andersen-Tawil Syndrome Associated with Cerebral Cavernoma: Challenge and Diagnostic Delay of a Multisystemic Disease

Susana Arias-Rivas; Manuel Arias*

Introduction: Andersen-Tawil Syndrome (ATS) is a rare dominantly inherited disorder caused by mutations in the KCNJ2 gene; it presents with cardiac arrhythmias and periodic muscle paralysis, associated with various craniofacial, skeletal and visceral dysmorphias.

Mini Review

Nutritional Assessment in Stroke Patients

Stefano Mancin RN*; Marco Sguanci

Stroke is a common acute neurological disorder that leads to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Malnutrition is a frequent problem among stroke patients, with a prevalence of approximately 20% at the time of hospital admission. Dysphagia, the difficulty of swallowing, is a common complication after stroke and contributes to reduced nutrient intake and increased risk of malnutrition and dehydration.

Case Report

Pathomorphological Features of Lhermitte-Duclos Disease: A Rare Clinical Observation and Literature Review

DA Sitovskaya*; DA Murzaeva; Yu M Zabrodskaya

Dysplastic Cerebellar Gangliocytoma (DCG) or Lhermitte-Duclos Disease (LDD) is a rare neoplasm in the cerebellum of unclear etiology. This pathology can occur as a sporadic disorder or as part of the familial Cowden disease, an autosomal dominant disease characterized by multiple hamartomas involving tissues derived from all three germ cell layers.