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Coronaviruses are so named because of the halo of spike (S) proteins that decorate their surfaces [1,2]. These S proteins interact with specific cellular receptors to bind host cells and the binding is followed by protease-mediated S protein cleavage, which exposes fusion-promoting domains that enable viral entry.
The authors present a case of a 32-year-old female patient who, after a mild viral infection of the upper respiratory tract with a small-nodular rash, developed full-blown Guillain Barre Syndrome (GBS). The interview confirmed the patient's long-term contact with a child infected with the Coxsackie virus.
Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy (CSM) is common clinical disease [1]. Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for treatment of CSM was firstly introduced by Simth, Robinson and Cloward, the anterior procedure had become the most widely used surgical choice [2].
In this article, we analyzed the systematic review by Kuut et al. into the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), a disease that predominantly affects women, and the eight trials in it. We found many issues with the studies in the review, but also with the review itself.
A 71-year-old male with a history of recurrent falls, poor mobility, and increased confusion was admitted to Ysbyty Ystrad Fawr Hospital in September 2019. He had multiple admissions since January 2019 with similar complaints. His past medical history included exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, vitamin D deficiency, early myelodysplastic syndrome, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cognitive impairment.
This case report details diagnostic and therapeutic processes in managing a 52-year-old female with chronic cervical pain and myeloradiculopathy resulting from a C6-C7 herniated nucleus pulposus and cervical spinal canal stenosis. Initially misdiagnosed with a shoulder strain, further assessment revealed significant spinal pathologies, necessitating an Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion (ACDF)
Epilepsy represents a global health problem and is considered one of the most frequent disorders of the Central Nervous System. Patients who suffer from this disease have a higher mortality than the rest of the population, so it is necessary for health professionals to know the possible causes of death, which is the fundamental objective of this article.
Neurological, psychiatric, and psychological disorders are highly prevalent in the world population, but available pharmacological treatments cause numerous side effects, and also there is an elevated rate of treatment-resistant patients. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome is implicated in several neurological and mental disorders and, consequently, restoring the imbalance of the gut microbiome can improve the symptoms associated with these conditions.
This study investigates the role of histone tail modifications in Parkinson's Disease (PD), emphasizing the epigenetic regulation of genes associated with the disease. PD primarily manifests in individuals over 60, suggesting that PD-causal genes remain dormant until later in life, influenced by environmental factors and epigenetic modifications.
The functioning of the nervous system is based on the process of communication between nerve cells. This process is carried out in specialized areas - synapses. In most synapses, signal transmission occurs through the release of specialized substances from nerve ending.
Mega Cisterna Magna (MCM) has been known as a developmental abnormality within the Dandy-Walker complex, characterized by an expanded cisterna magna exceeding 10 mm. While MCM often presents asymptomatically, it has been associated with mental disorders and cognitive decline.
We report a case of a 38-year-old female with massive cerebral edema caused by hypertensive emergency with full neurological recovery, fitting the criteria of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Genomic sequencing revealed a possible pathogenic complement factor mutation.
Epilepsy is a serious neurological disorder that can greatly impact a person's quality of life and even result in disability. Unfortunately, despite the use of various antiepileptic drugs, more than 30% of patients develop a form of the disease that is resistant to medication, leaving surgery as the only treatment option.
Most patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) never have a seizure, although they are at risk for seizures since the onset of MS. This paradox leads us to suppose that MS plays a minor role in seizure generation and epileptogenesis. Qualitative study using data triangulation and inductive content analysis. A comprehensive literature search was carried out in four electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar).
Effects of cues on gait disturbance in Parkinson's disease (PD) depend on features of cue presentation. We investigated the effects of the length of simple auditory cues on cue-triggered gait initiation in PD. The subjects were 8 PD patients in OFF-state (6 women and two men, aged 50-75 years) and 8 normal controls (NCs) (5 women and three men, aged 55-77 years). For the assessment of gait initiation.
Body Integrity Dysphoria (BID, BIID) is a disease of unknown cause, in which those affected have the intense feeling that a part of the body does not belong to them. BID-sufferers can feel and move the corresponding limb, but it is not part of their mental body image. Estimating the prevalence of BID is very difficult due to the fact that most sufferers do not confide their suffering to anyone.
Ataxia telangiectasia is a rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder. A minority of patients can present with late-onset atypical manifestations due to unknown mechanisms. This can lead to uncommon signs and symptoms, such as dystonic head movements. We report a 26-year-old woman with atypical ataxia telangiectasia who presented with cervical dystonia. Alpha-fetoprotein levels in the serum were found to be elevated in laboratory tests, and genetic testing for the ATM gene provided the definitive diagnosis.
Metastatic PitNET(mPitNET) is an extremely rare tumor of neuroendocrine cells of the adenohypophysis with craniospinal and/or systemic metastases and a poor prognosis. The pathogenesis of mPitNET/pituitary carcinoma is not completely clear. Several developmental models have been proposed, including sequential tumorigenesis and de novo transformation.
Hemorrhagic Transformation (HT) represents one of the main complications of acute ischemic stroke, affecting its management and prognosis. Few data exists on prognosis of HT in the real world. Aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic impact of HT in a real world cohort of patients hospitalized for acute ischemic stroke
Epilеpsy is a prеvalеnt nеurological disordеr in Pakistan, with an еarly onsеt in a substantial portion of thе population. Surgical intеrvеntion for drug-rеsistant еpilеpsy is a viablе trеatmеnt option, yеt it rеmains undеrutilizеd duе to limitеd spеcializеd cеntеrs and sociеtal stigmas.
Neurocognitive disorders and dementia are expected to increase along with the increasing numbers of the aging population. It is known that depression occurring in old age, also known as Geriatric Depression (GD), is linked with cognitive disorders in the elderly and that old individuals with anxiety and depression often receive multiple therapies. Consequently, they are at increased risk of falls, cognitive impairment, and delirium.
Introduction: Andersen-Tawil Syndrome (ATS) is a rare dominantly inherited disorder caused by mutations in the KCNJ2 gene; it presents with cardiac arrhythmias and periodic muscle paralysis, associated with various craniofacial, skeletal and visceral dysmorphias.
Stroke is a common acute neurological disorder that leads to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Malnutrition is a frequent problem among stroke patients, with a prevalence of approximately 20% at the time of hospital admission. Dysphagia, the difficulty of swallowing, is a common complication after stroke and contributes to reduced nutrient intake and increased risk of malnutrition and dehydration.
Dysplastic Cerebellar Gangliocytoma (DCG) or Lhermitte-Duclos Disease (LDD) is a rare neoplasm in the cerebellum of unclear etiology. This pathology can occur as a sporadic disorder or as part of the familial Cowden disease, an autosomal dominant disease characterized by multiple hamartomas involving tissues derived from all three germ cell layers.