SciBase Clinical and Medical Case Reports

Case Report

The Effect of Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine in Preventing Recurrent Upper Respiratory Infections in an Allergic Child: A Case Report

Sepideh Darougar; Seyed Karen Hashemitari; Masoumeh Mesgarian*

One of the most common causes of pediatric medical visits is recurrent respiratory infections, which may become harmful for physical and mental health of growing children. The most common bacterial respiratory pathogen is Streptococcus pneumoniae, found in the nasopharynx with a potential to cause a broad spectrum of diseases, particularly if children are not immunized against it.

Case Report

Character Meets Anatomy: Ten Times Typical DCIs; Case Report

Jochen D Schipke*

An open (Persistent) Foramen Ovale (PFO) is a known risk factor for the development of Decompression Illnes (DCI) in the context of scuba diving. The typical manifestations of PFO-associated DCI encompass cutaneous and vestibular symptoms. Despite this, the efficacy of PFO closure remains a subject of ongoing debate.

Review Article

Effects of Stress-Induced Neuroendocrine-Immune Interaction on Periodontium: A Review

Surajit Mistry*; Debarati Bhowmick; Indrasri Das; Argha Rudra

This review discusses recent advances in our understanding of the relationships between psychological stress, neuroendocrine-immune system, and periodontitis, including how host stress responses affect immune function, alter the oral microbiome and biofilm formation, and promote disease progression.

Short Commentary

Long-Term Management of Obesity with Once-Weekly Semaglutide: Efficacy and Safety in Clinical Trials

Saad Javed Malik*; Mifrah Rahat khan Sherwani; Filza Rahat Khan

Over 800 million people globally are categorized as obese, defined as having a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30 or more. About 42% of adults in the US suffer from obesity [1], and the yearly cost of obesity-related medical costs is projected to be $173 billion.

Case Report

From Allergies to ATAK: A Complex Case Report Following Ciprofloxacin Administration

Soorampally Vijay; Bharath Raj Kidambi*; Sriram Veeraraghavan

This case report describes a complex clinical scenario involving a previously healthy middle-aged woman who received ciprofloxacin for acute otitis media and subsequently developed symptoms of allergic hypersensitivity and anaphylaxis. Following an intramuscular adrenaline injection for anaphylaxis, she experienced chest pain

Case Report

Delayed Symptoms of Rodenticide Poisoning in a 16-Year-Old: A Case Report

Mohammadreza Mohammadi; Arman Hakemi*; Alireza Ghassemi Toussi; Bita Dadpour; Reza Mousavi; Anahita Alizadeh Ghamsari

Anticoagulant rodenticides, a key tool in pest control since the 1940s, have undergone significant evolution to overcome resistance and improve efficacy. However, resistance in rodent populations led to the development of second-generation anticoagulants such as Brodifacoum and Difenacoum, which are more potent but pose increased risks to non-target species, including humans.

Short Commentary

Advancements and Challenges in the Application of Machine Learning for Biomedical Diagnostics and Disease Prediction

Atefeh Zarei; Ashkan Farazin*

This review paper delves into the transformative potential and challenges of Machine Learning (ML) in the field of biomedical diagnostics and disease prediction. With the advent of advanced computational models and an ever-increasing availability of biomedical data, ML has the potential to revolutionize diagnostic methodologies, enhance predictive accuracy, and streamline therapeutic interventions.

Case Report

A Case Study of Comorbid Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures and Epileptic Seizures in an Adolescent Female with Depression

He Yangliuqing; Liang Fenrong; Wang Yiming*; Wei Yuhan; Ma Tianpei

Among patients with Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures (PNES), about 10% to 30% have epilepsy, which brings some difficulties in diagnosis. Usually, psychogenic non-epileptic seizures and epileptic seizures occur independently at different points in time, and their performance is similar, but rarely seizures can occur several times in a row.

Short Review

Current Evolution in Target Therapies for Blood Cancers

Mariangela Palladino*

Target therapy represents a significant step forward in the treatment of malignant tumors. These therapies typically address to molecular pathways essential for the growth and replication of neoplastic cells.

Case Report

Endoscopic Closure of Duodenal Perforation using Intracavitary Endoscopic Negative Pressure Therapy

Milan Misovic*; Braig C; Weiner M; Koyyala S; Pielmayer S; Muehldorfer S

Regardless of the cause of a duodenal perforation, operative treatment remains a fundamental therapeutic choice. The endoscopic closure of leaks is helpful only for fresh defects without an accompanying infection and is limited by the size of the defect.

Case Report

Use of Non-Invasive Elastographic and Microvascularization Biomarkers in the Diagnosis and Follow-Up of Children with Severe Bacterial Pneumonia

Sergi Huerta-Calpe; Carmina Guitart*; Bárbara Salas; Francisco José Cambra; Iolanda Jordan; Monica Balaguer

Imaging tests such as Chest X-Ray (CXR) and Lung Ultrasound (LUS), and blood biomarkers like C-reactive protein and procalcitonin have demonstrated its role for Bacterial Pneumonia (BP) diagnosis. However, the implementation of novel biomarkers such as Lung Shear-Wave Elastograph.

Research Article

Enhancing Accuracy in Pediatric Inpatient Hospitalization Cost Estimation: A Machine Learning-Based Approach

Sarmad Zafar*; Mishaal Amin; Muhammad Affan; Saleha Zubairi; Zahra Hoodbhoy; Babar Hasan; Tariq Mahmood

Accurately estimating inpatient billing costs during admission is important for financial planning in healthcare. Traditional methods have limitations in capturing true cost; hence, data-driven approaches are needed to improve hospital cost estimation in complex and dynamic environments.

Clinical Image

From Hypothyroidism to Stroke … Is it Such a Short Way?

Anca M Belu*; Melina M Iordache A; Daniela M Belu; Eduard Circo; Cristina Dobrin; Alina D Nicoara

A 72-year-old patient, known in her personal medical history with essential hypertension, chronic autoimmune thyroiditis and hypothyroidism, undergoing chronic treatment with Euthyrox, shows specific symptoms of hyperthyroidism (palpitations, profuse sweating).

Case Report

The Increasing Incidence of Rapes Caused by Illicit Use of Skunchies and Rohypnol Among Youths in Nigeria

Cletus Anes Ukwubile*; Livinus Tam

The ugly rise in rape cases in Nigeria caused by persistent use of stimulants commonly referred to as 'skunchies and Rohypnol posed a great challenge for health professionals and drug regulatory authorities. We report two cases of illicit use of controlled or banned substances in the preparation of 'zobo' artisanal beverages in some parts of Nigeria and consumed by some youths to be 'high'.

Case Report

Lumbar Contusion in a Young Athlete: Incidental Finding

Sánchez Melús Jorge*; Mata Crespo; Luz Divina

An incidental finding was found in a young football player with no previous disease after a blow in lumbar area. After a proper treatment of a complication (hematuria) and thanks to an image diagnosis, we could diagnose a very common genetic cause of renal failure worldwide but not very usual in Emergency Department and Primary Care Medecine: Autosomal Dominan Polycystic Kidney Disease.

Research Article

Chest CT Imaging Features of HIV/SARS-COV-2 Infected Patients from the Capital of Amazonas State

Paulo Nogueira*; Taynná Vernalha Rocha Almeida; Sildomar Queiroz e Silva; Daniella Paula Dias Coelho; André Patrício Ferreira de Almeida; Jackeline Andressa Barbiero; Maria Gabriela Teles de Moraes; Isadora Frota Hagge; Vanessa Vieira Pinheiro Corrêa; Sabrina Bianco; Sabrina Araújo de Melo; Alessandra Maria Paiva Gomes; Daniela Carla Menezes Genuíno; Carlos Henrique Michiles Frank; Paula Bonates Bessa; Andreza Karoline Barros Brito; Monique Freire dos Reis; Michele de Souza Bastos; Luiz Carlos de Lima Ferreira

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 on global public health, emphasizing its severity and the efforts made to enhance diagnostic practices and clinical management. Chest Computed Tomography (CT) has been widely used to assess complications caused by the virus, particularly in patients coinfected with HIV.

Case Report

Granulomatous Mastitis in a Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patient: Case Report

Lais Zanlorenzi*; Nelzi Ferreira de Queiroz Junior; Thiago Alberto Fernandes Gomes dos Santos; Barbara Stadler Kahlow; Thelma Larocca Skare

Granulomatous Mastitis (GM) is an uncommon form of mastitis frequently associated with autoimmune diseases. This entity requires a differential diagnosis with breast tumor and infections and may be treated with glucocorticoids and metho-trexate.

Research Article

Application Value of Serum Cytokines in Respiratory Syncytial Virus Pneumonia in Children

Xinxin Wang; Jiahao Geng; Baowen Li; Shujun Li*

To analyze the relationship between cytokines and clinical manifestations of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) infection and to investigate the clinical value of cytokines in RSV pneumonia. Clinical data of RSV positive children admitted to the pediatrics department of Zhengzhou People's Hospital from November 2021 to June 2023.

Case Report

Malignant Priapism Caused by Metastases to the Penis in a Patient with Prostate Cancer

Dechev Yavor; Zdravchev Stephan; Kalinov Dimitar; Shopov Spasimir; Ivan Dechev*

Penile squаmous cell cаrcinomа is а rаre mаlignаncy аnd secondаry mаlignаncies to the penis аre extremely rаre аnd represent а unique chаllenge for urologists. We report а cаse of аn 80-yeаr-old pаtient with 3-month pаinful priаpism from locаlly аdvаnced prostаte аdenocаrcinomа

Research Article

Challenges and Practices in Modern Hand Surgery Nursing

Zhang Chan; Chen Shouping*

This study aims to explore the changes in the patient spectrum and the challenges and practices in nursing brought about by the evolution of modern hand surgery patients and medical development. A retrospective study was conducted on clinical data from 21,512 hand surgery patients in our hospital over the past 15 years. The study examined changes in patient spectrum, shifts in patient demands, evolutions in nursing models, and variations in patient satisfaction.

Short Report

Getting "Straight" about Male Homophobia: Rejecting the Reaction Formation Theory in Favor of Socialized Male Peer Acceptance

Jerry L Jennings*

The predominant explanation of male homophobia, for lay persons and professionals alike, is a Freudian reaction formation against one's own repressed or suppressed homoerotic desires. Instead, the primary motivation for homophobic behavior by men and boys is avoiding social shaming and maintaining social acceptance.

Review Article

Application of mRNA Vaccines in HCC Treatment

Rui Han

The efficiency of mRNA vaccines in COVID-19 prevention has been successfully approved and has been awarded by Nobel prize. However, more potential of such therapeutic approach has not been revealed yet. Developing mRNA vaccines for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) treatment holds immense potential and significance.

Research Article

Association between Medical Coping Modes and Family Function among Older Adults with Hypertension

Wenwen Yang

Coping, an essential intermediary variable of psychological stress, may affect the process of disease, and alongside family function, has also been linked to patient quality of life. However, these have not yet been investigated in older adults with hypertension. To investigate the correlation between medical coping modes and family function, and the associated factors among older adults with hypertension in China.

Case Report

Stenting for Severe C7 Stenosis of Internal Carotid Artery (ICA) and Related Literature Review

Xiao-Dong Wang; Jian-Ping Zhang; Jin-Gang Bao; Xin-Wei Zhu; Ri-Le Wu*

Intracranial Atherosclerosis (ICAS) is a common cerebrovascular lesion worldwide and an important cause of stroke [1]. Non-modifiable risk factors include age, gender, and genetics, with age being a key factor and atherosclerosis usually progressive, with no clinical manifestations until middle age.

Research Article

Characteristics and Management of Brucellosis-Related Spondylodiscitis: A Prospective Study

Makram Koubaa*; Fatma Hammami; Fatma Smaoui; Khaoula Rekik; Wiem Feki; Nour Ben Ayed; Chakib Marrakchi; Mounir Ben Jemaa

Introduction: Brucellosis-Related Spondylodiscitis (BSD) presents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to nonspecific clinical signs, delayed appearance of radiological findings, and the lack of precise therapeutic consensus. This study aimed to determine the epidemiological, clinical, biological, radiological, therapeutic, and outcome characteristics of BSD.

Short Report

Preoperative Epidural Infusion for Blood Pressure Control in Phaeochromocytoma

Madhuri Kurdi*; Sheetal Hiregoudar; Amritha Baiju; Shrinidhi Deshpande; Athira AS

The 2004 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of endocrine tumours defines phaeochromocytoma as a catecholamine-producing intra-adrenal tumour arising from the chromaffin cells. The most important functional characteristics of the adrenal and extra-adrenal sympathetic tissue derived tumours is the production of various types of catecholamines and the related clinical attributes [1].

Case Series

Does Adding Percutaneous Fixation to Vertebroplasty Result in Significant Improvement in Clinical Outcomes Compared to Vertebroplasty Only? A Retrospective Series of 51 Cases at a Mean of 3 Years

Abdelrady Mahmoud; Ahmed Nageeb Mahmoud*; Hemil Maniar; Sherif Dabash; Ahmed H. Elhessy; Daniel Scott Horwitz

Background: While vertebroplasty is a well-known technique for management of osteoporotic vertebral fractures, significant incidence of refracture and re-collapse can occur after vertebroplasty, which may necessitate a revision surgery in such weak bone conditions.

Case Series

Maxillary Rehabilitation using the All-on-Four Technique and Computer-Guided Surgery: A Case Report

Mhd Ayham Darwich; Asmaa Alammar; Khaldoun Darwich; Hasan Mhd Nazha*

The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of the All-on-4 technique in fully edentu-lous maxilla using R2GATE software for flapless, computer-guided surgery and immediate loading. Ten adult patients with fully edentulous maxilla, aged between 35 and 60 years, were included in the study between April 2021 and April 2022.

Case Report

Successful Thoracoscopic Excision of Left Middle Mediastinal Teratoma in a Girl

Zaparackaite I; Swamy KB; Govani DR; Patel RR; Midha PK; Patel RV*

We wish to present a very unusual case of a toddler girl who presented with acute abdomen and features of peritonitis. Inflammatory markers were high but tumor markers were all within normal limits. The plain abdominal radiograph indicated suspicious small free air under the dome of diaphragm.

Research Article

Utilization Patterns of Maternal and Child Health (MCH) Care Services: A Cross-Sectional Study in Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Fasiha Javaid*; Qurat Ul Ain; Hina Javed; Mehak Nimra; Nisar Ahmad Lashari

Background: Despite the implementation of various maternal health programs and schemes at both regional and national levels in Pakistan, maternal mortalities and morbidity remain significantly high. This suggests that maternal health services are being underutilized.

Short Report

New Cosmetic Carriers to Reduce Water Consumption and Waste

Pierfrancesco Morganti*; Gianluca Morganti

Beauty industry produces each year about 120 billion of packaging'units, 60% of which are made by plastic materials, invading the oceans as waste microparticles, toxic for animals and humans. Moreover, a great quantity of water is used to produce emulsions and solutions used as cosmetic carriers. Our research group are proposing smart patented non-woven tissues as alternative carriers for innovative medical devices, cosmeceuticals and nutraceuticals, reporting their main characteristics.

Mini Review

The Effects of Molecular Hydrogen Therapies on Fertility

Grace Russell*; Alexander Nenov

Human reproductive health is an integral part of personal well-being that can markedly impact upon individuals, couples, families and the wider society. It is estimated that infertility affects 13 to 15% of the world's population and with parents often deciding to delay planning for pregnancy until later in life, age-related concerns about the viability of female oocytes, in particular, are at the forefront of in vitro fertilisation (IVF) research.